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[ { "title": "PRODUCT NEWS | Eaton\u0026#039;s C441 Motor Insight Range", "nid": "428", "body": "\u003Cp\u003EDid you know that we are an Eaton Premium Distributor? We stock a \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/solutions-electrical/index.php\u0022\u003Ecomprehensive range of Eaton\u003C/a\u003E products and solutions at competitive prices. Think Eaton, think Magnet!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RpoaZNTn9m8\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022eaton c441 Motor Insight\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u002279822369-c463-4f7d-a89c-892c83bc0a21\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/C441%20thumb.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RpoaZNTn9m8\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWatch\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E a quick video on\u00A0Eaton\u2019s C441 Motor Insight Solid State Protection Relays \u2013 Eaton\u2019s offering within the C400 series of advanced motor protection \u2026\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EClick \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Ehere\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E to inquire now!\u003C/p\u003E\n", "created": "Sep 2020", "terms": "Electrical, Products, Eaton, General" }, { "title": "LEARN | Introduction to Power Quality part 3 - Harmonics", "nid": "426", "body": "\u003Cp\u003EOver the past few weeks, we\u2019ve discussed facets of \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/solutions-electrical/index.php\u0022\u003EPower Quality\u003C/a\u003E in our new series.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWe\u2019re just scratching the surface of Power Quality (PQ) to give you a basic understanding on the aspects that contribute to poor PQ, and what you can do about them:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/solutions-electrical/news.php?type=articles\u0026amp;name=LEARN--An-introduction-to-Power-Quality-part-1\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EUnderstanding Power Quality\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EUnderstanding Power Quality issues and what to do about them:\u003Cbr /\u003E\n\t\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/solutions-electrical/news.php?type=articles\u0026amp;name=LEARN--Introduction-to-Power-Quality-part-2---Voltage-Instability\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Ea) Voltage instability\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\n\t\u003Cstrong\u003Eb) Harmonics\u003C/strong\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\n\t\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/solutions-electrical/news.php?type=articles\u0026amp;name=LEARN--Introduction-to-Power-Quality-part-4---Power-Factor\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Ec) Poor power factor\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003C/ol\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWe\u2019re resuming the series by briefly discussing \u003Cstrong\u003EHarmonics\u003C/strong\u003E\u2026\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWhat are Harmonics?\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) defines \u2018Harmonics\u2019 as sinusoidal currents or voltages with frequencies that are integer multiples of the fundamental frequency at which the power system is designed to operate. Therefore, harmonic distortion occurs when current or voltage waveforms assume non-sinusoidal shape. The waveform corresponds to the sum of different sine-waves with different magnitude and phase. They have frequencies that are multiples of power-system frequency.\u00A0\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETo illustrate this, take the example of a 60-Hz system. The harmonic frequencies here are 120 Hz (2\u003Csup\u003End\u003C/sup\u003E Harmonic) and 180 Hz (3\u003Csup\u003Erd\u003C/sup\u003E Harmonic), etc. Harmonics combine with the fundamental voltage or current producing a non-sinusoidal shape. The result is a waveform distortion, which is a power quality problem. The non-sinusoidal shape corresponds to the sum of different sine waves with different magnitudes and phase angles, having frequencies that are multiples of the system frequency.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Harmonics 1\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u00227dcf9a83-d41b-422d-be02-6037e8c8d78b\u0022 height=\u0022533\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/harmonics%20images-01.jpg\u0022 style=\u0022max-width:900px !important\u0022 width=\u0022626\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cfigure role=\u0022group\u0022 class=\u0022caption caption-img align-center\u0022\u003E\n\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Harmonics 2\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u00224bb7257d-b00c-451f-bf04-95afe3d13840\u0022 height=\u0022338\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/harmonic%20distortion-01.jpg\u0022 style=\u0022max-width:900px !important\u0022 width=\u0022649\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\n\u003Cfigcaption\u003E\u003Cem\u003EIllustrations explaining the harmonically distorted waveform\u003C/em\u003E\u003C/figcaption\u003E\n\u003C/figure\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETotal Harmonic Distortion\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETotal Harmonic Distortion (THD) is commonly used as a measure of the effective value of harmonic distortion. Typically, the levels of harmonic distortion can also be characterized by the complete harmonic spectrum with magnitudes and phase angles of each harmonic component.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EThe causes of harmonics\u003C/strong\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\nHarmonic distortion can exist because of classic sources and modern sources.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExamples of classic sources of harmonic distortion:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EArc furnaces\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003ERectifiers\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EDC brush motors\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EWelding machinery\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EGeneral electric machinery that operate above the knee of the magnetization curve (magnetic saturation)\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EExamples of modern sources of harmonic distortion - All non-linear loads such as:\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003ESwitched mode power supplies\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EHigh efficiency lighting\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EData processing equipment\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EHarmonics and Transformers\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA transformer is an electrical apparatus designed to convert alternating current from one voltage to another. Transformers are designed to operate at a rated frequency, and designed with an overload margin. Typically, loads connected to transformers are non-linear, such as Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs), which generate harmonic currents and voltages. When combined with the non-linear nature of the transformer core, waveform distortions are created in currents and voltages, with the result being power losses.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe harmful effects of harmonic voltages and currents on transformer performance often go unnoticed until an actual failure occurs. In some instances, transformers that have operated satisfactorily for long periods have failed in a relatively short time when plant loads were changed or a facility\u0027s electrical system was reconfigured. The effect of harmonics is an increased heating in the transformer, compared to purely sinusoidal operation. Harmonics also result in lower efficiency, lesser capacity, reduced power factor, transformer overload, overheating of circuits, and eventually destruction of equipment.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EHigh harmonic levels generally also result in:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EIncreased likeliness of resonance\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EErrors in measurements when utilising average reading meters\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003ENeutral overload in three-phase systems\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003ENuisance tripping of thermal protections\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003ELoss of efficiency in electric machines\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EHarmonic Solutions\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn spite of all the concerns non-linear loads cause, these loads will continue to increase. Therefore, the application of non-linear loads such as variable frequency drives and the systems that supply them will require further scrutiny by the design professional.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe table below depicts a few harmonic solutions along with their advantages and disadvantages.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Harmonic solutions\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u0022d4231318-2b77-4987-a236-da795f08fbd4\u0022 height=\u0022261\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/harmonics%20images-02.jpg\u0022 style=\u0022max-width:900px !important\u0022 width=\u0022454\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETrust us for reliable Power Quality solutions\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENot sure what to do about your power quality issues? Then give us a call! We will recommend the best products and solutions to assist you in maintaining optimal power quality at your facility!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EClick \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Ehere\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E to chat to one of our experts now!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFollow our PQ Series\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWe\u2019ll be wrapping up the series next week, by delving into power factor and the correction of poor power factor. Get this and more interesting articles straight to your inbox, click \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Ehere\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E to subscribe now!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n", "created": "Sep 2020", "terms": "Electrical, Education" }, { "title": "READ | UV-C Lighting In Focus", "nid": "470", "body": "\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EThe COVID-19 pandemic has created a renewed focus on ensuring that workplaces, facilities and public spaces are safe to use. Interest has since turned to ultraviolet lighting as a tried and tested means of disinfecting air, water and surfaces.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EIn this article, we give an overview of what UV lighting actually is, how it works and where it can be applied.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cu\u003EThe science of it all\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EUV light is that part of the electromagnetic spectrum that spans 100-400 nanometers (nm). Basically, it is divided into three different types, A, B and C.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EUV-A and UV-B is found in sunlight. It\u2019s what gives you a suntan or sunburn. UV-B is well known for medical applications, such as the treatment of psoriasis, and is also responsible for the formation of bone-strengthening vitamin D.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EThen there\u2019s UV-C, which is an invisible light, spanning the range of 100-280 nm, and has powerful germicidal properties. UV-C from the sunlight is filtered out by the Earth\u2019s atmosphere. We should be thankful for this as exposure to certain wavelengths of UV-C radiation is hazardous to the skin and eyes of humans and animals. Despite this, UV-C lighting, when designed properly, installed correctly with safety instructions followed, is a safe and highly effective form of disinfection. \u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za?subject=UVC Enquiry\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022UVC\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u0022c8c6b946-eb61-416e-9ad8-b3b78ea1ceb4\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/Infographic%20-%20uv%20light.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cu\u003EProven track record\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EFor years, UV-C has been used to disinfect drinking water, wastewater, air, pharmaceutical products, and surfaces against a whole suite of pathogens. In fact, it has rendered inactive all bacteria and viruses tested to date (many hundreds over the years, including coronaviruses).\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cu\u003ELet\u2019s review the various forms of disinfection\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E1. Surface Disinfection\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EDisinfection of surfaces is performed through direct exposure to the UV-C radiation from lamps, luminaires or disinfection carts that are activated when people are not present. They can be brought into a workplace when people have left. An extra level of safety may be provided by remote on-off switches and sensors which can shutdown systems if people or animals are detected.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003ETypical surface disinfection lamps are 55W and depending on the dose, disinfection can be done in seconds or a matter of minutes.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EOf course, the light won\u2019t be able to reach areas in shadow. So, for areas requiring deep disinfection it is recommended that UV-C forms part of a multi-barrier approach, alongside traditional scrubbing and cleaning with chemical disinfectants. Where UV-C scores highly is that it saves on time, requires few to no people and no chemicals. Surface disinfection lends itself to high contact areas such as offices, schools, restrooms and gyms.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E2. Air Disinfection\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EContaminated air, at an upper level, passes through a \u2018UV-zone\u2019 where it\u2019s disinfected. Such systems can be used in rooms with people present as the light source is shielded from those below and located at a height of at least 2.3m.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003ESome air conditioning systems also us UV-C where high output lamps will keep the cooling coil free from microorganisms that can otherwise stick together to create a biofilm. In addition, UV-C lamps may be applied inside air conditioning ducts to inactivate bacteria. Due to the high air speed, the required UV-C dose inside ducts will be relatively high.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E3. Water Disinfection\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EApplications include disinfecting and purifying drinking water, wastewater, process water, swimming pools, and ponds. UV-C lamps are available in numerous wattages depending on the application, which varies from large municipal installations in which several hundred lamps are used, to small units that fit inside household sinks to disinfect drinking water.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Cu\u003EA technology whose time has come\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp class=\u0022text-align-justify\u0022\u003EThe COVID-19 pandemic has put UV-C lighting firmly into the spotlight. Today, companies and institutions are waking up to a new normal where germ and virus-free spaces are no longer \u2018nice to haves\u2019. UV-C lighting, which has been around for more than 40 years, is a well-tested, yet relatively unsung technology. It has taken a terrible pandemic for it to emerge out of the shadows. A technology whose time has surely come.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAre you considering UV-C technology in your facility or office? \u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za?subject=UVC Enquiry\u0022\u003ECHAT\u003C/a\u003E \u003C/strong\u003Eto us for advice on the options most suited to your specific application!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/download/uv-c-equipment-brochure.pdf\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EDOWNLOAD\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E our UV-C Lighting Brochure.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S0oRxqtDGSI\u0026amp;list=PL0AHvVniUcgxqS6TEWQMlnXHb7PVchb6i\u0026amp;index=5\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EWATCH\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E our UV-C Lighting Video.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cem\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESource:\u00A0https://www.signify.com/global/our-company/blog/innovation/uv-c-lighting-explained\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/em\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n", "created": "Feb 2021", "terms": "Lighting, Education, Products" }, { "title": "LEARN | Introduction to Power Quality part 2 - Voltage Instability", "nid": "425", "body": "\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the first article of our new series, we learnt that \u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/solutions-electrical/index.html\u0022\u003Egood power quality\u003C/a\u003E saves money and time, ensures a safer workplace, prolonged equipment life and increased efficiency. On the other hand, we also learnt that poor power quality often leads to reduced energy efficiency, and various other downsides.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EPower Quality has become increasingly prevalent in industry. Power Quality is also such a vast topic that can be discussed at length. We\u2019re just scratching the surface of Power Quality (PQ) to give you a basic understanding on the aspects that contribute to poor PQ, and what you can do about them:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/solutions-electrical/news.php?type=articles\u0026amp;name=LEARN--An-introduction-to-Power-Quality-part-1\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EUnderstanding Power Quality\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EUnderstanding Power Quality issues and what to do about them:\u003Cbr /\u003E\n\t\u003Cstrong\u003Ea) Voltage instability\u003C/strong\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\n\t\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/solutions-electrical/news.php?type=articles\u0026amp;name=LEARN--Introduction-to-Power-Quality-part-3---Harmonics\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Eb) Harmonics\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\n\t\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/solutions-electrical/news.php?type=articles\u0026amp;name=LEARN--Introduction-to-Power-Quality-part-4---Power-Factor\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Ec) Poor power factor\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003C/ol\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWe\u2019re resuming the series by discussing issues around \u003Cstrong\u003EVoltage Instability\u003C/strong\u003E\u2026\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Voltage instability\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u0022c06df5d9-3570-4d01-89da-b9beb6d85511\u0022 height=\u0022457\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/infograph-02.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022518\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFrom the illustration above, you can see that there are a number of PQ issues involving voltage. While this list may not be exhaustive, in this article, we\u2019re giving you a basic understanding of the common voltage issues we see in the industry:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E1. Sags (or dips)\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E2. Swells\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E3. Spikes\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E4. Unbalance\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E5. Interruptions\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E1. Voltage Sags (or Dips)\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Voltage sag\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u0022e415aa38-275c-47cf-9729-73f9fedd20a2\u0022 height=\u0022291\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/Voltage-sag.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022435\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA voltage sag is also commonly known as a dip. A voltage sag refers to a short duration reduction in rms (root-mean-square) voltage. Typical causes of sags include starting electric motors, short circuits or overload.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA voltage sag typically happens when the rms voltage decreases between 10% and 90% of nominal voltage for one half cycle (0.5) to one minute. A longer duration of low voltage is referred to as a \u2018sustained sag\u2019, or \u2018undervoltage\u2019.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EVoltage sags are said to be the most common power disturbance. Examples of the impact of sags include the malfunction of microprocessor-based control systems such as PLCs, and the tripping of contactors and electromechanical relays.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOn a related note, a sag should not be confused with the term \u2018brownout\u2019, which describes the reduction of voltage for minutes, or even hours. \u00A0\u00A0\u00A0\u00A0\u00A0\u00A0\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ETypical suggestions for decreasing the likeliness of sags include:\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E- the use of power quality relays\u003Cbr /\u003E\n- switching power supply settings\u003Cbr /\u003E\n- reducing the load on your power supply\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E2. Voltage Swells\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022swell\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u0022a0a5e42a-30a6-4f27-9201-8d5ec6f25568\u0022 height=\u0022311\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/Voltage-swell.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022429\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA voltage swell is the opposite of a sag. A voltage swell describes the momentary increase in voltage at the power frequency, outside the normal tolerances.\u00A0 A swell can be defined as the increase in the rms voltage level to 110% - 180% of nominal. The duration of a swell is more than one cycle, and typically less than a few seconds. Longer periods of high voltage are referred to as \u2018overvoltage\u2019.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThere are three types of voltage swells, namely \u2018Instantaneous\u2019, \u2018Momentary\u2019 and \u2018Temporary\u2019 \u2013 each characterized by their rms magnitude and duration.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EA voltage swell can generally happen when a heavy load turns off in a power system. Poorly regulated transformers are also known to cause swells, mainly during off-peak hours.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EAlthough not as common as sags, voltage swells do have a serious impact. While the effects of a sag are more noticeable, the effects of a voltage swell are often more destructive. Swells tend to affect sensitive equipment, especially in instances when voltage values are excessively high. Swells also cause data loss and flickering of screens and lighting.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E3. Voltage Spikes\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022spike\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u00227e1fc4e1-dffe-4a3b-8498-1652b6b47a66\u0022 height=\u0022292\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/Voltage-spike.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022437\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EVoltage spikes describe very fast variations of the voltage value for durations from several microseconds to even a few milliseconds. These variations may reach thousands of volts, even in low voltage. Spikes may be caused by a disconnection of heavy loads or lightning. Spikes are known to destroy electronic components, insulation materials and also cause data processing errors.\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOn another note, spikes should not be confused with transients, which are destructively high magnitudes of current and voltage, or even both. Transients exist in even shorter durations than spikes, from less than 50 nanoseconds to as long as 50 milliseconds. This is the shortest among PQ problems, hence, its name. Transients usually include abnormal frequencies, which could reach as high as 5 MHz.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Transient\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u0022cafdf5b9-cbe6-4b73-9784-74c715a12af3\u0022 height=\u0022313\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/Voltage-transient.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022431\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESpikes and transients differ to power surges because they are larger in magnitude yet much shorter in duration. These sudden bursts of energy can result in circuit board or processor damage, memory loss and data corruption.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E4. Voltage Unbalance\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022unbalance\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u002230263c72-2e46-4bfd-a16b-4aa9979d1fca\u0022 height=\u0022291\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/Voltage-unbalance.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022436\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EVoltage unbalance describes the phenomenon that occurs when a voltage variation in a three-phase system in which the phase-angle differences between them are unequal. An example of a cause of voltage unbalance is the incorrect distribution of single-phase loads by the three phases of the system (possibly due to a fault). Voltage unbalance mostly affects three-phase induction machines.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E5. Voltage Interruptions\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThere are two types of voltage interruptions, namely, long and very short.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/solutions-electrical/index.html\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022long\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u00222ac36c3d-3366-4830-b933-f69ee6d21f62\u0022 height=\u0022286\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/Voltage-interruptions%20long.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022428\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022short\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u002238e07ee9-15b6-47a5-a6da-3fe0cc5b98f0\u0022 height=\u0022291\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/Voltage-interruptions%20short.jpg\u0022 width=\u0022436\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EVery short interruptions are described as a total interruption of electrical supply for a duration ranging from a few milliseconds, to one or two seconds. One of the causes of very short interruptions include the opening and automatic closing of protection devices to decommission a faulty section of the network. Very short voltage interruptions result in the malfunction of data processing equipment, tripping of protection devices, and the loss of information.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ELong voltage interruptions refer to the total interruption of electrical supply for a duration greater than one to two seconds. Long interruptions may be caused by storms, human error or failure of protection devices.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ELong voltage interruptions result in the stoppage of all equipment.\u00A0\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETrust us for reliable Power Quality solutions\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ENot sure what to do about your power quality issues? Then give us a call! We will recommend the best products and solutions to assist you in maintaining optimal power quality at your facility!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EClick \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Ehere\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E to chat to one of our experts now!\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EFollow our PQ Series\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the next article, we will be delving into Harmonics. Be sure to follow the series to catch all the articles! Click \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Ehere\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E to subscribe now!\u003C/p\u003E\n", "created": "Sep 2020", "terms": "Electrical, Education" }, { "title": "PRODUCT NEWS | Philips Solar SunStay Street Light", "nid": "424", "body": "\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/solutions-solar/index.html\u0022\u003ESolar\u003C/a\u003E street lighting is becoming more attractive of an investment than conventional street lighting. Why?\u003Cbr /\u003E\nDraw your own conclusion by considering these main benefits of solar street lights\u2026\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https://www.magnetgroup.co.za/download/magnet-lighting-catalogue.pdf\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Philips solar sunstay\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u0022677b03d7-ca20-4c1e-83a4-aa99aa090895\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/Infanta_Elena_Park_Seville_Spain_Solar_Street_Lighting_3.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\n\u003Cstrong\u003EAdvantages of Solar Street Lighting\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EBrings light to areas without access to electric grid\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003ESaves energy\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EPreserves landscape as no trenching for cabling required\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003EEnvironment friendly\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003ESturdy construction for long life\u003C/li\u003E\n\u003C/ul\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESo, from the above we\u2019ve seen that solar lights save you money and provide security and visibility, even during power outages. Another major benefit is that no trenching or cabling is required, making for a much simpler installation than conventional street lights.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ETurn to Philips Solar SunStay Street Lights\u003C/strong\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\nThe Philips Solar SunStay street light presents a convenient and cost-effective way to light streets at night, without needing AC grid access. With 24hour autonomy and internal dimming functionality, why not turn to Philips for a reliable solar street lighting solution?\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg alt=\u0022Philips sunstay solar street light\u0022 data-entity-type=\u0022file\u0022 data-entity-uuid=\u002268b6a34e-c8a4-458a-9de0-d18257bf25d4\u0022 src=\u0022/cms/drupal8-magnetgroup/sites/default/files/inline-images/beautyshot_sunstay.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022align-center\u0022 /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EClick \u003Ca href=\u0022mailto:hello@magnetgroup.co.za\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Ehere\u003C/strong\u003E\u003C/a\u003E to chat to one of our lighting experts now!\u003C/p\u003E\n", "created": "Sep 2020", "terms": "Lighting, Solar, Products, Philips" } ]